{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2026-63996",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-63996"
  ],
  "published": "2026-07-19T14:56:29Z",
  "summary": "ethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nethtool: cmis: require exact CDB reply length\n\nMalicious SFP module could respond with rpl_len longer than\nwhat cmis_cdb_process_reply() expected, leading to OOB writes.\nMalicious HW is a bit theoretical but some modules may just\nbe buggy and/or the reads may occasionally get corrupted,\nso let's protect the kernel.\n\nThe existing check protects from short replies. We need to\nprotect from long ones, too. All callers that pass a non-zero\nrpl_exp_len cast the reply payload to a fixed-layout struct\nand read fields at fixed offsets, with no version negotiation\nor short-reply handling:\n\n  - cmis_cdb_validate_password()\n  - cmis_cdb_module_features_get()\n  - cmis_fw_update_fw_mng_features_get()\n\nso let's assume that responses longer than expected do not\nhave to be handled gracefully here. Add a warning message\nto make the debug easier in case my understanding is wrong...\n\nNote that page_data->length (argument of kmalloc) comes from\nlast arg to ethtool_cmis_page_init() which is rpl_exp_len.\n\nNote2 that AIs also like to point out overflows in args->req.payload\nitself (which is a fixed-size 120 B buffer, on the stack),\nbut callers should be reading structs defined by the standard,\nso protecting from requests for more data than max seem like\ndefensive programming.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-63996"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f818cc98fd2c63a08239cb48995f6c3bfe9d9b3"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d42fb88ec61f2e98c33a9e3a2de371d5edbc6b1"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb5dcd740cd7fa27bc2caeff2d28ef28e93ff4d3"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c3f999a9d1338c6c89a9ff4549eafe72bc2e7b1"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T13:16:28Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached only via the local ethtool genetlink firmware-flash path (ETHTOOL_MSG_MODULE_FW_FLASH_ACT), not from remote network input; a malicious transceiver supplies the malformed CDB reply once that local ioctl-like operation is invoked.\nAC:L - A malicious CMIS module can reliably set rpl_len up to 255 on CDB replies; no race or uncontrollable memory layout is required, and an attacker with CAP_NET_ADMIN can bring the netdev down and initiate flashing deterministically.\nPR:L - Triggering module firmware flash requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, which is enforced via GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM/netlink_ns_capable and is obtainable by unprivileged users inside a user namespace (unshare -Urn), not only by init-namespace root.\nUI:N - Exploitation does not require a separate victim user action beyond the attacker (or compromised local process with CAP_NET_ADMIN) issuing the ethtool module firmware-flash command; no interactive victim steps are needed.\nS:U - Impact is kernel stack corruption and potential privilege escalation or denial of service within the same kernel security boundary; this is not a VM escape, sandbox escape, or cross-authority boundary crossing.\nC:H - The out-of-bounds stack write corrupts adjacent kernel stack memory and can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure; related CMIS ethtool bugs in the same path have already caused demonstrable stack corruption.\nI:H - memcpy() can write up to 135 bytes past the 120-byte payload buffer on the kernel stack, enabling control-data corruption and potential arbitrary kernel code execution, not merely a bounded modification.\nA:H - Stack corruption in this CMIS firmware-flash workqueue path can trigger kernel oops/panic (as seen in the related CVE-2025-37791 stack-protector failure in the same call chain) or hang the affected system."
    }
  }
}