{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2026-52991",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-52991"
  ],
  "published": "2026-06-24T16:31:02Z",
  "summary": "sched/psi: fix race between file release and pressure write",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsched/psi: fix race between file release and pressure write\n\nA potential race condition exists between pressure write and cgroup file\nrelease regarding the priv member of struct kernfs_open_file, which\ntriggers the uaf reported in [1].\n\nConsider the following scenario involving execution on two separate CPUs:\n\n   CPU0\t\t\t\t\tCPU1\n   ====\t\t\t\t\t====\n\t\t\t\t\tvfs_rmdir()\n\t\t\t\t\tkernfs_iop_rmdir()\n\t\t\t\t\tcgroup_rmdir()\n\t\t\t\t\tcgroup_kn_lock_live()\n\t\t\t\t\tcgroup_destroy_locked()\n\t\t\t\t\tcgroup_addrm_files()\n\t\t\t\t\tcgroup_rm_file()\n\t\t\t\t\tkernfs_remove_by_name()\n\t\t\t\t\tkernfs_remove_by_name_ns()\n vfs_write()\t\t\t\t__kernfs_remove()\n new_sync_write()\t\t\tkernfs_drain()\n kernfs_fop_write_iter()\t\tkernfs_drain_open_files()\n cgroup_file_write()\t\t\tkernfs_release_file()\n pressure_write()\t\t\tcgroup_file_release()\n ctx = of->priv;\n\t\t\t\t\tkfree(ctx);\n \t\t\t\t\tof->priv = NULL;\n\t\t\t\t\tcgroup_kn_unlock()\n cgroup_kn_lock_live()\n cgroup_get(cgrp)\n cgroup_kn_unlock()\n if (ctx->psi.trigger)  // here, trigger uaf for ctx, that is of->priv\n\nThe cgroup_rmdir() is protected by the cgroup_mutex, it also safeguards\nthe memory deallocation of of->priv performed within cgroup_file_release().\nHowever, the operations involving of->priv executed within pressure_write()\nare not entirely covered by the protection of cgroup_mutex. Consequently,\nif the code in pressure_write(), specifically the section handling the\nctx variable executes after cgroup_file_release() has completed, a uaf\nvulnerability involving of->priv is triggered.\n\nTherefore, the issue can be resolved by extending the scope of the\ncgroup_mutex lock within pressure_write() to encompass all code paths\ninvolving of->priv, thereby properly synchronizing the race condition\noccurring between cgroup_file_release() and pressure_write().\n\nAnd, if an live kn lock can be successfully acquired while executing\nthe pressure write operation, it indicates that the cgroup deletion\nprocess has not yet reached its final stage; consequently, the priv\npointer within open_file cannot be NULL. Therefore, the operation to\nretrieve the ctx value must be moved to a point *after* the live kn\nlock has been successfully acquired.\n\nIn another situation, specifically after entering cgroup_kn_lock_live()\nbut before acquiring cgroup_mutex, there exists a different class of\nrace condition:\n\nCPU0: write memory.pressure               CPU1: write cgroup.pressure=0\n===========================\t\t  =============================\n\nkernfs_fop_write_iter()\n kernfs_get_active_of(of)\n pressure_write()\n   cgroup_kn_lock_live(memory.pressure)\n     cgroup_tryget(cgrp)\n     kernfs_break_active_protection(kn)\n     ... blocks on cgroup_mutex\n\n                                     \t  cgroup_pressure_write()\n                                     \t  cgroup_kn_lock_live(cgroup.pressure)\n                                     \t  cgroup_file_show(memory.pressure, false)\n                                     \t    kernfs_show(false)\n                                     \t      kernfs_drain_open_files()\n                                     \t        cgroup_file_release(of)\n                                     \t          kfree(ctx)\n                                     \t            of->priv = NULL\n                                     \t  cgroup_kn_unlock()\n\n   ... acquires cgroup_mutex\n   ctx = of->priv;        // may now be NULL\n   if (ctx->psi.trigger)  // NULL dereference\n\nConsequently, there is a possibility that of->priv is NULL, the pressure\nwrite needs to check for this.\n\nNow that the scope of the cgroup_mutex has been expanded, the original\nexplicit cgroup_get/put operations are no longer necessary, this is\nbecause acquiring/releasing the live kn lock inherently executes a\ncgroup get/put operation.\n\n[1]\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in pressure_write+0xa4/0x210 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:4011\nCall Trace:\n pressure_write+0xa4/0x210 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:4011\n cgroup_file_write+0x36f/0x790 kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c:43\n---truncated---",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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            "upstream_fixed": null
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          "1:6.12.47-1+rpt1": {
            "linux_commit": "359f37f0faefb712add32a39f98751aea67d5c1f",
            "upstream_version": "6.12.47",
            "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)",
            "upstream_fixed": null
          },
          "1:6.12.62-1+rpt1": {
            "linux_commit": "a1073743767f9e7fdc7017ababd2a07ea0c97c1c",
            "upstream_version": "6.12.62",
            "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)",
            "upstream_fixed": null
          },
          "1:6.12.75-1+rpt1": {
            "linux_commit": "89050b1059997d38d55462b323b099a6436dc10d",
            "upstream_version": "6.12.75",
            "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)",
            "upstream_fixed": null
          },
          "1:6.18.29-1+rpt1": {
            "linux_commit": "66318c5b5cd8145a662303af12ed39ac07eb27cc",
            "upstream_version": "6.18.29",
            "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)",
            "upstream_fixed": "6.18.33"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-52991"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/03dc070fa0fc3cb4068693f468ccd5f8a7e58282"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4352c0709bfd38c752fccbde7fd72a82ac78f23"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a5b98009f16d8a5fb4a8ff9a193f5735515c38fa"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T13:16:28Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached through local syscalls writing to cgroup v2 PSI control files such as cpu.pressure, memory.pressure, io.pressure, or irq.pressure. There is no network or physical packet-processing path involved.\nAC:L - The attacker can control both sides of the race by concurrently writing a pressure trigger and removing the cgroup or disabling cgroup.pressure to drain open files. No unusual victim state or externally uncontrolled timing condition is required beyond a repeatable local race.\nPR:L - The pressure files are local cgroupfs files; root can always reach them, and unprivileged users can reach equivalent files in delegated cgroup sub-hierarchies they can create and manage. This is therefore low local privilege rather than init-namespace administrator-only.\nUI:N - Exploitation only requires attacker-controlled syscalls against cgroupfs file descriptors. No victim user action is needed.\nS:U - The vulnerability corrupts kernel memory from a kernel cgroup/PSI file operation and impacts the same kernel security authority. It is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or cross-authority boundary violation.\nC:H - This is a slab use-after-free of struct cgroup_file_ctx, and the stale object can be raced with attacker-influenced heap reuse. Following kernel UAF scoring guidance, this can plausibly support kernel memory disclosure primitives.\nI:H - The pre-fix path can read and later store through the freed ctx->psi.trigger field after the object has been freed, giving a plausible write/corruption primitive with heap grooming. Following kernel UAF scoring guidance, integrity impact is high.\nA:H - The reported bug is a KASAN slab-use-after-free in pressure_write and can crash or oops the kernel. Repeated local triggering can therefore cause high availability impact."
    }
  }
}