{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2026-46275",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-46275"
  ],
  "published": "2026-06-08T14:30:10Z",
  "summary": "Bluetooth: hci_uart: fix UAFs and race conditions in close and init paths",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: hci_uart: fix UAFs and race conditions in close and init paths\n\nVulnerabilities leading to Use-After-Free (UAF) and Null Pointer\nDereference (NPD) conditions were observed in the lifecycle management\nof hci_uart.\n\nThe primary issue arises because the workqueues (init_ready and\nwrite_work) are only flushed/cancelled if the HCI_UART_PROTO_READY\nflag is set during TTY close. If a hangup occurs before setup completes,\nhci_uart_tty_close() skips the teardown of these workqueues and\nproceeds to free the `hu` struct. When the scheduled work executes\nlater, it blindly dereferences the freed `hu` struct.\n\nFurthermore, several data races and UAFs were identified in the teardown\nsequence:\n1. Calling hci_uart_flush() from hci_uart_close() without effectively\n   disabling write_work causes a race condition where both can concurrently\n   double-free hu->tx_skb. This happens because protocol timers can\n   concurrently invoke hci_uart_tx_wakeup() and requeue write_work.\n2. Calling hci_free_dev(hdev) before hu->proto->close(hu) causes a UAF\n   when vendor specific protocol close callbacks dereference hu->hdev.\n3. In the initialization error paths, failing to take the proto_lock\n   write lock before clearing PROTO_READY leads to races with active\n   readers. Additionally, hci_uart_tty_receive() accesses hu->hdev\n   outside the read lock, leading to UAFs if the initialization error\n   path frees hdev concurrently.\n\nFix these synchronization and lifecycle issues by:\n1. Re-ordering hci_uart_tty_close() to clear HCI_UART_PROTO_READY first,\n   followed immediately by a cancel_work_sync(&hu->write_work). Clearing\n   the flag locks out concurrent protocol timers from successfully invoking\n   hci_uart_tx_wakeup(), effectively rendering the cancellation permanent\n   and preventing the tx_skb double-free.\n2. Note: Clearing PROTO_READY early causes hci_uart_close() to skip\n   hu->proto->flush(). This is perfectly safe in the tty_close path\n   because hu->proto->close() executes shortly after, which intrinsically\n   purges all protocol SKB queues and tears down the state.\n3. Relocating hu->proto->close(hu) strictly prior to hci_free_dev(hdev)\n   across all close and error paths to prevent vendor-level UAFs.\n4. Moving the hdev->stat.byte_rx increment in hci_uart_tty_receive()\n   inside the proto_lock read-side critical section to safely synchronize\n   with device unregistration.\n5. Adding cancel_work_sync(&hu->write_work) to hci_uart_close() to safely\n   flush the workqueue before hci_uart_flush() is invoked via the HCI core.\n6. Utilizing cancel_work_sync() instead of disable_work_sync() across\n   all paths to prevent permanently breaking user-space retry capabilities.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local TTY control (TIOCSETD to N_HCI, HCIUARTSETPROTO ioctl, hangup/close) gated by CAP_NET_ADMIN at hci_uart_tty_open(); the bugs are in driver lifecycle teardown, not in processing of remote Bluetooth over-the-air packets.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of every race by concurrently opening/closing the TTY line discipline, issuing HCIUART ioctls, and timing hangup against in-flight workqueues and protocol timers; UAF conditions are reliably winnable without luck-dependent memory layout.\nPR:L - hci_uart_tty_open() explicitly requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, and adapter teardown paths are similarly admin-gated; CAP_NET_ADMIN is obtainable by an unprivileged user inside a user namespace, satisfying the Low privileges threshold rather than High.\nUI:N - Once the attacker has the required local TTY/HCI access, triggering the UAF or double-free races requires no action from a separate victim user.\nS:U - The vulnerability corrupts kernel heap memory within the kernel's own security boundary; successful exploitation yields kernel privilege escalation, not a cross-boundary escape such as VM or sandbox breakout.\nC:H - Multiple use-after-free conditions on the hci_uart and hci_dev structures allow dereferencing attacker-influenced freed memory, providing a standard kernel info-leak primitive consistent with UAF severity guidance.\nI:H - The UAF and hu->tx_skb double-free races enable control of freed slab objects and heap grooming, providing a path to arbitrary kernel memory corruption and potential code execution in kernel context.\nA:H - Use-after-free and double-free in kernel workqueue and teardown paths reliably cause kernel oops or panic, and can be triggered repeatedly to deny availability of the affected system."
    }
  }
}