{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2026-43046",
  "modified": "2026-10-07T17:22:01Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-43046"
  ],
  "published": "2026-05-01T14:17:31Z",
  "summary": "btrfs: reject root items with drop_progress and zero drop_level",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbtrfs: reject root items with drop_progress and zero drop_level\n\n[BUG]\nWhen recovering relocation at mount time, merge_reloc_root() and\nbtrfs_drop_snapshot() both use BUG_ON(level == 0) to guard against\nan impossible state: a non-zero drop_progress combined with a zero\ndrop_level in a root_item, which can be triggered:\n\n------------[ cut here ]------------\nkernel BUG at fs/btrfs/relocation.c:1545!\nOops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\nCPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 283 ... Tainted: 6.18.0+ #16 PREEMPT(voluntary)\nTainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE\nHardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC v2, BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2\nRIP: 0010:merge_reloc_root+0x1266/0x1650 fs/btrfs/relocation.c:1545\nCode: ffff0000 00004589 d7e9acfa ffffe8a1 79bafebe 02000000\nCall Trace:\n merge_reloc_roots+0x295/0x890 fs/btrfs/relocation.c:1861\n btrfs_recover_relocation+0xd6e/0x11d0 fs/btrfs/relocation.c:4195\n btrfs_start_pre_rw_mount+0xa4d/0x1810 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:3130\n open_ctree+0x5824/0x5fe0 fs/btrfs/disk-io.c:3640\n btrfs_fill_super fs/btrfs/super.c:987 [inline]\n btrfs_get_tree_super fs/btrfs/super.c:1951 [inline]\n btrfs_get_tree_subvol fs/btrfs/super.c:2094 [inline]\n btrfs_get_tree+0x111c/0x2190 fs/btrfs/super.c:2128\n vfs_get_tree+0x9a/0x370 fs/super.c:1758\n fc_mount fs/namespace.c:1199 [inline]\n do_new_mount_fc fs/namespace.c:3642 [inline]\n do_new_mount fs/namespace.c:3718 [inline]\n path_mount+0x5b8/0x1ea0 fs/namespace.c:4028\n do_mount fs/namespace.c:4041 [inline]\n __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4229 [inline]\n __se_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4206 [inline]\n __x64_sys_mount+0x282/0x320 fs/namespace.c:4206\n ...\nRIP: 0033:0x7f969c9a8fde\nCode: 0f1f4000 48c7c2b0 fffffff7 d8648902 b8ffffff ffc3660f\n---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThe bug is reproducible on 7.0.0-rc2-next-20260310 with our dynamic\nmetadata fuzzing tool that corrupts btrfs metadata at runtime.\n\n[CAUSE]\nA non-zero drop_progress.objectid means an interrupted\nbtrfs_drop_snapshot() left a resume point on disk, and in that case\ndrop_level must be greater than 0 because the checkpoint is only\nsaved at internal node levels.\n\nAlthough this invariant is enforced when the kernel writes the root\nitem, it is not validated when the root item is read back from disk.\nThat allows on-disk corruption to provide an invalid state with\ndrop_progress.objectid != 0 and drop_level == 0.\n\nWhen relocation recovery later processes such a root item,\nmerge_reloc_root() reads drop_level and hits BUG_ON(level == 0). The\nsame invalid metadata can also trigger the corresponding BUG_ON() in\nbtrfs_drop_snapshot().\n\n[FIX]\nFix this by validating the root_item invariant in tree-checker when\nreading root items from disk: if drop_progress.objectid is non-zero,\ndrop_level must also be non-zero. Reject such malformed metadata with\n-EUCLEAN before it reaches merge_reloc_root() or btrfs_drop_snapshot()\nand triggers the BUG_ON.\n\nAfter the fix, the same corruption is correctly rejected by tree-checker\nand the BUG_ON is no longer triggered.",
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