{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2026-31406",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-31406"
  ],
  "published": "2026-04-06T07:40:10Z",
  "summary": "xfrm: Fix work re-schedule after cancel in xfrm_nat_keepalive_net_fini()",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: Fix work re-schedule after cancel in xfrm_nat_keepalive_net_fini()\n\nAfter cancel_delayed_work_sync() is called from\nxfrm_nat_keepalive_net_fini(), xfrm_state_fini() flushes remaining\nstates via __xfrm_state_delete(), which calls\nxfrm_nat_keepalive_state_updated() to re-schedule nat_keepalive_work.\n\nThe following is a simple race scenario:\n\n           cpu0                             cpu1\n\ncleanup_net() [Round 1]\n  ops_undo_list()\n    xfrm_net_exit()\n      xfrm_nat_keepalive_net_fini()\n        cancel_delayed_work_sync(nat_keepalive_work);\n      xfrm_state_fini()\n        xfrm_state_flush()\n          xfrm_state_delete(x)\n            __xfrm_state_delete(x)\n              xfrm_nat_keepalive_state_updated(x)\n                schedule_delayed_work(nat_keepalive_work);\n  rcu_barrier();\n  net_complete_free();\n  net_passive_dec(net);\n    llist_add(&net->defer_free_list, &defer_free_list);\n\ncleanup_net() [Round 2]\n  rcu_barrier();\n  net_complete_free()\n    kmem_cache_free(net_cachep, net);\n                                     nat_keepalive_work()\n                                       // on freed net\n\nTo prevent this, cancel_delayed_work_sync() is replaced with\ndisable_delayed_work_sync().",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31406"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/32d0f44c2f14d60fe8e920e69a28c11051543ec1"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2255ed6adbc3100d2c4a83abd9d0396d04b87792"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/21f2fc49ca6faa393c31da33b8a4e6c41fc84c13"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/daf8e3b253aa760ff9e96c7768a464bc1d6b3c90"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T13:16:28Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached through local namespace lifecycle and NETLINK_XFRM state configuration, not by remote packet processing. An attacker can create an affected outbound ESP-in-UDP XFRM state locally and tear down the network namespace.\nAC:L - The attacker controls creation of the NAT keepalive state and repeated teardown of the network namespace; the work reschedule after cancel is a direct consequence of the cleanup ordering. Any scheduling race can be retried and influenced locally, so there are no hard external conditions.\nPR:L - XFRM netlink operations require CAP_NET_ADMIN in the target network namespace. This is reachable by an unprivileged local user through a user namespace plus network namespace where they hold CAP_NET_ADMIN.\nUI:N - No victim action is required after the attacker runs local code. The attacker can configure the state and trigger namespace cleanup directly.\nS:U - The vulnerability corrupts kernel memory within the same kernel security authority. It is a standard local kernel compromise scenario, not a VM or hardware boundary escape.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free of a network namespace embedded delayed_work object and subsequent XFRM/netns state access. Per kernel scoring guidance, UAFs are treated as enabling high confidentiality impact.\nI:H - The dangling work item can operate on freed and potentially reclaimed kernel memory, giving a plausible path to memory corruption and control-flow compromise. Per kernel scoring guidance, UAFs are treated as high integrity impact.\nA:H - At minimum, executing delayed work on a freed struct net can dereference freed XFRM state and namespace data, causing an oops or panic. Repeated local triggering can reliably deny service."
    }
  }
}