{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2026-23270",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-23270"
  ],
  "published": "2026-03-18T17:54:54Z",
  "summary": "net/sched: Only allow act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/sched: Only allow act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks\n\nAs Paolo said earlier [1]:\n\n\"Since the blamed commit below, classify can return TC_ACT_CONSUMED while\nthe current skb being held by the defragmentation engine. As reported by\nGangMin Kim, if such packet is that may cause a UaF when the defrag engine\nlater on tries to tuch again such packet.\"\n\nact_ct was never meant to be used in the egress path, however some users\nare attaching it to egress today [2]. Attempting to reach a middle\nground, we noticed that, while most qdiscs are not handling\nTC_ACT_CONSUMED, clsact/ingress qdiscs are. With that in mind, we\naddress the issue by only allowing act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress\nqdiscs and shared blocks. That way it's still possible to attach act_ct to\negress (albeit only with clsact).\n\n[1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/674b8cbfc385c6f37fb29a1de08d8fe5c2b0fbee.1771321118.git.pabeni@redhat.com/\n[2] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/cc6bfb4a-4a2b-42d8-b9ce-7ef6644fb22b@ovn.org/",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-23270"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bc4e5bb529823a09f02dbe96169de679a9db26e0"
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5a110ddcc99bda77a28598b3555fe009eaab3828"
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    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T13:16:28Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - Exploiting this requires local access to configure tc qdiscs/filters via netlink (RTM_NEWTFILTER), which is a local operation requiring CAP_NET_ADMIN. The UaF is then triggered by sending packets through the misconfigured egress path.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the setup: creating the namespace, configuring the qdisc with act_ct, and sending fragmented packets to trigger defragmentation. The UaF is reliably triggered without needing to win any external race.\nPR:L - CAP_NET_ADMIN is required for tc filter creation, but this capability is obtainable by any unprivileged local user via user namespaces (unshare -Urn), making this reachable with low privileges.\nUI:N - No user interaction is needed. The attacker sets up the tc configuration and sends packets entirely on their own.\nS:U - This is a standard kernel memory corruption vulnerability. The impact stays within the kernel's security authority with no cross-boundary escape (no VM escape or sandbox escape).\nC:H - The use-after-free allows an attacker to control freed object contents via heap spraying, enabling arbitrary kernel memory reads and information disclosure.\nI:H - The use-after-free provides arbitrary write primitives through heap spraying of the freed skb, enabling code execution and full kernel compromise.\nA:H - The use-after-free causes kernel crashes (oops/panic) when the qdisc accesses the freed skb, as demonstrated in the original crash trace in the blamed commit."
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}