{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2026-23111",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2026-23111"
  ],
  "published": "2026-02-13T13:30:06Z",
  "summary": "netfilter: nf_tables: fix inverted genmask check in nft_map_catchall_activate()",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_tables: fix inverted genmask check in nft_map_catchall_activate()\n\nnft_map_catchall_activate() has an inverted element activity check\ncompared to its non-catchall counterpart nft_mapelem_activate() and\ncompared to what is logically required.\n\nnft_map_catchall_activate() is called from the abort path to re-activate\ncatchall map elements that were deactivated during a failed transaction.\nIt should skip elements that are already active (they don't need\nre-activation) and process elements that are inactive (they need to be\nrestored). Instead, the current code does the opposite: it skips inactive\nelements and processes active ones.\n\nCompare the non-catchall activate callback, which is correct:\n\n  nft_mapelem_activate():\n    if (nft_set_elem_active(ext, iter->genmask))\n        return 0;   /* skip active, process inactive */\n\nWith the buggy catchall version:\n\n  nft_map_catchall_activate():\n    if (!nft_set_elem_active(ext, genmask))\n        continue;   /* skip inactive, process active */\n\nThe consequence is that when a DELSET operation is aborted,\nnft_setelem_data_activate() is never called for the catchall element.\nFor NFT_GOTO verdict elements, this means nft_data_hold() is never\ncalled to restore the chain->use reference count. Each abort cycle\npermanently decrements chain->use. Once chain->use reaches zero,\nDELCHAIN succeeds and frees the chain while catchall verdict elements\nstill reference it, resulting in a use-after-free.\n\nThis is exploitable for local privilege escalation from an unprivileged\nuser via user namespaces + nftables on distributions that enable\nCONFIG_USER_NS and CONFIG_NF_TABLES.\n\nFix by removing the negation so the check matches nft_mapelem_activate():\nskip active elements, process inactive ones.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-23111"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8c760ba4e36c750379d13569f23f5a6e185333f5"
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1444ff890b4653add12f734ffeffc173d42862dd"
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b68a45f9722f2babe9e7bad00aa74638addf081"
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    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T13:16:28Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - nftables is accessed via nfnetlink socket (netlink), requiring local system access. This is a local attack vector via syscall/netlink interface.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the exploitation: they create the nftables rules with catchall map elements and NFT_GOTO verdicts, trigger repeated DELSET abort cycles to decrement chain->use to zero, then issue DELCHAIN. No race condition or special conditions beyond attacker control are needed.\nPR:L - nftables requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, but this capability is obtainable by an unprivileged user via user namespaces (unshare -Urn) since nfnetlink uses netlink_net_capable() which checks per-namespace capabilities. The commit message explicitly confirms exploitability from unprivileged users.\nUI:N - No user interaction is required. The attacker creates the nftables configuration, triggers the abort, and exploits the UAF entirely on their own.\nS:U - This is a standard local privilege escalation within the kernel. There is no crossing of virtualization or sandbox boundaries (no VM escape or IOMMU bypass).\nC:H - The use-after-free on the nft_chain structure allows the attacker to reclaim the freed memory with controlled data, providing arbitrary kernel memory read primitives. This is a well-known exploitation technique in nftables UAF bugs.\nI:H - The UAF enables heap spraying the freed chain object to gain arbitrary kernel memory write primitives, leading to full code execution in kernel context (local privilege escalation to root).\nA:H - The use-after-free will cause kernel crashes (oops/panic) when the dangling reference to the freed chain is accessed, and the attacker can trigger this reliably."
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}