{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-40039",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-40039"
  ],
  "published": "2025-10-28T11:50:45Z",
  "summary": "ksmbd: Fix race condition in RPC handle list access",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nksmbd: Fix race condition in RPC handle list access\n\nThe 'sess->rpc_handle_list' XArray manages RPC handles within a ksmbd\nsession. Access to this list is intended to be protected by\n'sess->rpc_lock' (an rw_semaphore). However, the locking implementation was\nflawed, leading to potential race conditions.\n\nIn ksmbd_session_rpc_open(), the code incorrectly acquired only a read lock\nbefore calling xa_store() and xa_erase(). Since these operations modify\nthe XArray structure, a write lock is required to ensure exclusive access\nand prevent data corruption from concurrent modifications.\n\nFurthermore, ksmbd_session_rpc_method() accessed the list using xa_load()\nwithout holding any lock at all. This could lead to reading inconsistent\ndata or a potential use-after-free if an entry is concurrently removed and\nthe pointer is dereferenced.\n\nFix these issues by:\n1. Using down_write() and up_write() in ksmbd_session_rpc_open()\n   to ensure exclusive access during XArray modification, and ensuring\n   the lock is correctly released on error paths.\n2. Adding down_read() and up_read() in ksmbd_session_rpc_method()\n   to safely protect the lookup.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40039"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/69674b029002b1d90b655f014bdf64f404efa54d"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b615a8fb3af0baf8126cde3d4fee97d57222ffc"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5cc679ba0f4505936124cd4179ba66bb0a4bd9f3"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6bd7e0e55dcea2cf0d391bbc21c2eb069b4be3e1"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/305853cce379407090a73b38c5de5ba748893aee"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 8.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:N - The vulnerable code is in ksmbd, the in-kernel SMB server, and is driven entirely by SMB2 requests (CREATE/CLOSE/IOCTL/READ/WRITE/QUERY_INFO) arriving over TCP port 445 from a remote peer. No local access is needed.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: the pipe handle is an attacker-chosen VolatileFileId, and ksmbd_queue_work() executes each SMB2 request on a separate ksmbd-io worker (plus SMB3 multichannel), so concurrent SMB2_CLOSE and SMB2_IOCTL/READ/WRITE requests run in parallel with unlimited retries.\nPR:L - Reaching create_smb2_pipe() requires a session in SMB2_SESSION_VALID state (ksmbd_session_lookup_all() rejects IN_PROGRESS) plus a tree connect to IPC$, i.e. any valid low-privileged SMB account; no administrative rights are needed, and with guest mapping enabled even credentials are unnecessary.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is performed by the attacker's own SMB client against the server; no action by any local user or administrator is required.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap state within the same kernel security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The unlocked xa_load() dereferences a kfree()'d struct ksmbd_session_rpc, disclosing reused kernel heap contents as the RPC method flags; a UAF of this kind gives control over freed-object contents and can be leveraged into arbitrary kernel memory disclosure, and the resulting flags can steer the root ksmbd.mountd daemon into SAMR/LSARPC handlers the client never opened.\nI:H - The stale entry->method value read from a reused 8-byte slab object is heap-groomable by the attacker and directly selects which privileged RPC method the root-privileged userspace daemon executes with client-supplied payload; use-after-free conditions are generally leverageable into arbitrary-write and control-flow hijack primitives.\nA:H - Dereferencing the freed entry after the slab object or page has been released oopses the ksmbd worker thread, and the unsynchronized RPC handle teardown corrupts session state, yielding a repeatable remote kernel crash / denial of service."
    }
  }
}