{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-40018",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-40018"
  ],
  "published": "2025-10-24T11:44:40Z",
  "summary": "ipvs: Defer ip_vs_ftp unregister during netns cleanup",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipvs: Defer ip_vs_ftp unregister during netns cleanup\n\nOn the netns cleanup path, __ip_vs_ftp_exit() may unregister ip_vs_ftp\nbefore connections with valid cp->app pointers are flushed, leading to a\nuse-after-free.\n\nFix this by introducing a global `exiting_module` flag, set to true in\nip_vs_ftp_exit() before unregistering the pernet subsystem. In\n__ip_vs_ftp_exit(), skip ip_vs_ftp unregister if called during netns\ncleanup (when exiting_module is false) and defer it to\n__ip_vs_cleanup_batch(), which unregisters all apps after all connections\nare flushed. If called during module exit, unregister ip_vs_ftp\nimmediately.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40018"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8a6ecab3847c213ce2855b0378e63ce839085de3"
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    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/53717f8a4347b78eac6488072ad8e5adbaff38d9"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8cbe2a21d85727b66d7c591fd5d83df0d8c4f757"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc1a481359a72ee7e548f1f5da671282a7c13b8f"
    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a343811ef138a265407167294275201621e9ebb2"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/134121bfd99a06d44ef5ba15a9beb075297c0821"
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  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The use-after-free is triggered by network namespace teardown, which requires local access (unshare/exit of a netns, or `ip netns del`); while a remote client can populate the FTP-bound IPVS connections through the load balancer, the free-and-use sequence itself is driven locally.\nAC:L - The bad ordering is deterministic \u2014 pernet exit callbacks always run in reverse registration order, so `__ip_vs_ftp_exit()` always precedes the connection flush \u2014 and the attacker controls both the connection creation and the netns destruction, with ordinary heap grooming sufficing to reclaim the freed `ip_vs_app` objects.\nPR:L - Configuring the IPVS FTP virtual service needs CAP_NET_ADMIN, but `do_ip_vs_set_ctl()` checks `ns_capable(net->user_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)` and IPVS was explicitly made usable in non-init user namespaces, so an unprivileged local user obtains it with `unshare -Urn`.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the entire sequence \u2014 namespace creation, IPVS service setup, connection establishment and namespace teardown \u2014 with no action from any other user.\nS:U - The corruption and any resulting privilege escalation stay within the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or other trust boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `ip_vs_unbind_app()` dereferences the freed `inc` and the already-kfree()'d `inc->app`, so reclaiming those slab objects lets an attacker read and leak kernel heap contents and pointers.\nI:H - The use-after-free yields a write primitive (`atomic_dec(&inc->usecnt)` and `module_put()` through a dangling `inc->app` pointer) plus an indirect call through the freed `inc->done_conn`/`unbind_conn` function pointers, which is a control-flow hijack primitive after heap spraying.\nA:H - Even unexploited, the use-after-free calls a function pointer from reclaimed memory and corrupts refcounts during netns cleanup, reliably producing a kernel oops or panic."
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}