{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-39931",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-39931"
  ],
  "published": "2025-10-04T07:33:57Z",
  "summary": "crypto: af_alg - Set merge to zero early in af_alg_sendmsg",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncrypto: af_alg - Set merge to zero early in af_alg_sendmsg\n\nIf an error causes af_alg_sendmsg to abort, ctx->merge may contain\na garbage value from the previous loop.  This may then trigger a\ncrash on the next entry into af_alg_sendmsg when it attempts to do\na merge that can't be done.\n\nFix this by setting ctx->merge to zero near the start of the loop.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39931"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28f6f37abca7c5c9eb3959c66310f1d4d98b8aaf"
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db2b42425dfbde4983b0c20fb7cfa05f70e6a745"
    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6241b9e2809b12da9130894cf5beddf088dc1b8a"
    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2374c11189ef704a3e4863646369f1b8e6a27d71"
    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24c1106504c625fabd3b7229611af617b4c27ac7"
    },
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    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9574b2330dbd2b5459b74d3b5e9619d39299fc6f"
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  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - AF_ALG is a local kernel-crypto socket interface reached via socket()/bind()/sendmsg() syscalls; there is no network exposure. Exploitation requires a local account to issue the syscalls.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both the error-aborting sendmsg (a fault in memcpy_from_msg or a forced allocation error is trivially induced) and the subsequent merge-triggering sendmsg, so the condition is reliably created; heap grooming for full exploitation is also within attacker control.\nPR:L - Creating and driving an AF_ALG socket requires no capabilities and passes no privilege check, so any basic unprivileged local user can reach the vulnerable path.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is performed by the attacker's own process with no victim action required.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel's own security authority (standard local privilege escalation); no VM/IOMMU/sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The stale merge flag causes an out-of-bounds scatterlist read and a heap write primitive that can be leveraged to disclose kernel memory contents.\nI:H - The merge path performs an attacker-controlled write to an address derived from an out-of-bounds-read scatterlist entry, giving a heap out-of-bounds write suitable for control-flow hijacking/privilege escalation.\nA:H - The inconsistent tsgl state and wild write reliably cause kernel memory corruption and panic/oops."
    }
  }
}