{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-38627",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-38627"
  ],
  "published": "2025-08-22T16:01:13Z",
  "summary": "f2fs: compress: fix UAF of f2fs_inode_info in f2fs_free_dic",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nf2fs: compress: fix UAF of f2fs_inode_info in f2fs_free_dic\n\nThe decompress_io_ctx may be released asynchronously after\nI/O completion. If this file is deleted immediately after read,\nand the kworker of processing post_read_wq has not been executed yet\ndue to high workloads, It is possible that the inode(f2fs_inode_info)\nis evicted and freed before it is used f2fs_free_dic.\n\n    The UAF case as below:\n    Thread A                                      Thread B\n    - f2fs_decompress_end_io\n     - f2fs_put_dic\n      - queue_work\n        add free_dic work to post_read_wq\n                                                   - do_unlink\n                                                    - iput\n                                                     - evict\n                                                      - call_rcu\n    This file is deleted after read.\n\n    Thread C                                 kworker to process post_read_wq\n    - rcu_do_batch\n     - f2fs_free_inode\n      - kmem_cache_free\n     inode is freed by rcu\n                                             - process_scheduled_works\n                                              - f2fs_late_free_dic\n                                               - f2fs_free_dic\n                                                - f2fs_release_decomp_mem\n                                      read (dic->inode)->i_compress_algorithm\n\nThis patch store compress_algorithm and sbi in dic to avoid inode UAF.\n\nIn addition, the previous solution is deprecated in [1] may cause system hang.\n[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/c36ab955-c8db-4a8b-a9d0-f07b5f426c3f@kernel.org",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
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      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-38627"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74cbeeca4f16823ba58c882e1d8b836c0e39c93d"
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    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The whole sequence \u2014 creating a compressed file via `FS_IOC_SETFLAGS`/`compress_extension`, evicting its page cache with `posix_fadvise()`, reading it, and unlinking it \u2014 is performed through ordinary local syscalls on a mounted f2fs volume. No network protocol, remote peer, or adjacent-network data reaches `f2fs_free_dic()`.\nAC:L - The attacker drives both sides of the race: they submit the compressed read that queues `free_work` and they issue the `close()`/`unlink()` that evicts the inode, and they widen the window at will by saturating `post_read_wq` (bounded `max_active = num_online_cpus()`) with concurrent post-read work so the kworker is delayed past the RCU grace period. Every attempt is free and retryable in a loop, and f2fs compression is a mainstream shipping configuration on Android and embedded devices, not a rare option.\nPR:L - No capability, LSM, or namespace gate exists on the path \u2014 `vfs_fileattr_set()` only requires `inode_owner_or_capable()` on the attacker's own file, and reading/unlinking a file the attacker created needs nothing beyond normal write access to their own directory. An ordinary user account or an Android app with storage access on a compression-enabled f2fs mount suffices.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs every step itself \u2014 create the compressed file, drop its cache, read it, and delete it. No victim must mount a filesystem, open a file, or take any other action.\nS:U - The freed `f2fs_inode_info`, the wild `sbi`/`cops` dereferences, and any resulting corruption all occur within the same kernel's security authority. No hypervisor, IOMMU, guest, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free read of a `f2fs_inode_cachep` object whose memory the attacker can groom by spraying after the RCU free, so the values pulled out (`inode->i_sb`, `i_compress_algorithm`) are attacker-influenced; the tainted `i_compress_algorithm` byte then indexes the 4-entry `f2fs_cops[]` array up to 255 entries out of bounds, reading arbitrary adjacent kernel data. Combined with the wild `sbi` deref, the flaw yields a kernel-memory read primitive usable for KASLR defeat and data disclosure.\nI:H - The garbage `cops` obtained from the out-of-bounds `f2fs_cops[]` index is immediately used for the indirect call `cops->destroy_decompress_ctx(dic)`, a control-flow hijack primitive, and the wild `sbi` is passed to `page_array_free()` which performs `kmem_cache_free(sbi->page_array_slab, pages)` \u2014 freeing a live object into an attacker-influenced cache pointer, a classic path to arbitrary heap corruption and privilege escalation. Per UAF scoring, heap grooming of the recycled inode slab gives write as well as read primitives.\nA:H - Even unexploited, dereferencing the freed inode's `i_sb` and calling through an out-of-bounds `f2fs_cops[]` entry oopses or panics the kernel, and it happens inside a `post_read_wq` kworker so the crash wedges the filesystem's decompression workqueue rather than just one task. The unprivileged attacker can retry the trigger indefinitely, and `panic_on_oops=1` builds (Android, automotive, embedded) take an immediate full system panic."
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}