{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-38461",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-38461"
  ],
  "published": "2025-07-25T15:35:02Z",
  "summary": "vsock: Fix transport_* TOCTOU",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvsock: Fix transport_* TOCTOU\n\nTransport assignment may race with module unload. Protect new_transport\nfrom becoming a stale pointer.\n\nThis also takes care of an insecure call in vsock_use_local_transport();\nadd a lockdep assert.\n\nBUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffbfff8056000\nOops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN\nRIP: 0010:vsock_assign_transport+0x366/0x600\nCall Trace:\n vsock_connect+0x59c/0xc40\n __sys_connect+0xe8/0x100\n __x64_sys_connect+0x6e/0xc0\n do_syscall_64+0x92/0x1c0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-38461"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8667e8d0eb46bc54fdae30ba2f4786407d3d88eb"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/36a439049b34cca0b3661276049b84a1f76cc21a"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ce53e744f18e73059d3124070e960f3aa9902bf"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d24bb6780282b0255b9929abe5e8f98007e2c6e"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae2c712ba39c7007de63cb0c75b51ce1caaf1da5"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b73bddf54777fb62d4d8c7729d0affe6df04477"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/687aa0c5581b8d4aa87fd92973e4ee576b550cdf"
    }
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  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.0,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached through the AF_VSOCK socket API \u2014 `socket(AF_VSOCK, SOCK_DGRAM)` and `connect()` \u2014 which requires a local execution context on the target system. Per kernel scoring convention vsock is treated as a local attack vector even though the listener path is also driven by peer packets.\nAC:H - The attacker fully controls one side of the race (a tight `connect()`/`socket()` loop, and can widen the window via transport reassignment through `release()`/`destruct()`), but the other side requires a concurrent vsock transport module unload, which is gated by `capable(CAP_SYS_MODULE)` in the init user namespace and therefore cannot be induced by the attacker at will.\nPR:L - Creating an AF_VSOCK socket and calling connect() requires no capabilities whatsoever \u2014 there is no `capable()` gate on `vsock_create()` or `vsock_connect()` \u2014 so any unprivileged local user, including one inside an unprivileged container, can drive the racing side.\nUI:N - The attacker's exploitation path is pure syscall activity with no victim action required; the administrative module unload is a system-state precondition already accounted for in Attack Complexity and is not double-counted here.\nS:U - The stale-pointer dereference, wild write and indirect calls all occur in the host kernel's own security authority, which is the same authority that manages the vsock socket. This is standard kernel-level compromise with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free on freed module memory: `new_transport->module` and the transport's function pointers are read from a region that has been released by `execmem_free()` and can be reallocated by a subsequent module load. Combined with the indirect calls through those stale pointers, this yields arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `try_module_get()` performs `atomic_inc_not_zero()` on a `struct module *` read out of freed memory, giving an increment-write through an attacker-influenceable address, and `new_transport->seqpacket_allow()`/`->init()` are indirect calls through function pointers read from that same freed region \u2014 a control-flow hijack primitive.\nA:H - The bug is demonstrated by an unrecoverable oops \u2014 \"BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: fffffbfff8056000\" at `vsock_assign_transport+0x366` \u2014 and any use-after-free of this kind reliably panics the kernel even when not fully weaponized."
    }
  }
}