{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-38424",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-38424"
  ],
  "published": "2025-07-25T14:00:31Z",
  "summary": "perf: Fix sample vs do_exit()",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nperf: Fix sample vs do_exit()\n\nBaisheng Gao reported an ARM64 crash, which Mark decoded as being a\nsynchronous external abort -- most likely due to trying to access\nMMIO in bad ways.\n\nThe crash further shows perf trying to do a user stack sample while in\nexit_mmap()'s tlb_finish_mmu() -- i.e. while tearing down the address\nspace it is trying to access.\n\nIt turns out that we stop perf after we tear down the userspace mm; a\nreceipie for disaster, since perf likes to access userspace for\nvarious reasons.\n\nFlip this order by moving up where we stop perf in do_exit().\n\nAdditionally, harden PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN and PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER\nto abort when the current task does not have an mm (exit_mm() makes\nsure to set current->mm = NULL; before commencing with the actual\nteardown). Such that CPU wide events don't trip on this same problem.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-38424"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b8f3c72175c6a63a95cf2e219f8b78e2baad34e"
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  "database_specific": {
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    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through the `perf_event_open(2)` syscall creating a sampling event with `PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER`/`PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN`, plus a normal task exit. No network or physical component is involved.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 it creates the sampling event, chooses when the task calls `exit_group()`, and can widen the `exit_mmap()` window arbitrarily by mapping a large address space with many VMAs; failed attempts are free and can be repeated thousands of times per second via forked children with `attr.inherit=1`.\nPR:L - An ordinary unprivileged user can do this at the upstream default `perf_event_paranoid=2` \u2014 `PERF_SAMPLE_STACK_USER`/`PERF_SAMPLE_CALLCHAIN` have no capability gate, per-task events on one's own tasks need only `ptrace_may_access`, and `exclude_kernel=1` samples that skid into kernel mode are deliberately not dropped (revert 6a8a75f32357; `sample_is_allowed()` only guards `sigtrap`). On the widely deployed `perf_event_paranoid<=1` systems it is fully deterministic with software clock events.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers everything from its own processes \u2014 open the event, exit the task. No victim action, no privileged profiler, and no administrator involvement is required.\nS:U - The unsafe access and its consequences are contained within the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `__copy_from_user_inatomic()`/`__get_user()` read through an mm whose data pages and page-table pages have already been freed and can be reallocated, and the harvested bytes are written verbatim into the attacker-readable perf ring buffer \u2014 a use-after-free read that can disclose freed/reused memory or, via a walk through a recycled page-table page, effectively arbitrary physical memory.\nI:H - The use-after-free on the page tables makes the CPU issue accesses to attacker-groomable, arbitrary physical addresses; per UAF scoring guidance this is High, and it is concretely damaging because the reported case lands on MMIO, where reads carry side effects (read-to-clear status, FIFO pops) that corrupt device and system state.\nA:H - The reported failure is a fatal kernel abort \u2014 on arm64 `do_sea()` routes the synchronous external abort to `arm64_notify_die()` with `SIGKILL/SI_KERNEL`, which in kernel mode is an unrecoverable oops/panic; the attacker can trigger it repeatedly, giving a reliable full system DoS."
    }
  }
}