{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-23145",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-23145"
  ],
  "published": "2025-05-01T13:03:03Z",
  "summary": "mptcp: fix NULL pointer in can_accept_new_subflow",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmptcp: fix NULL pointer in can_accept_new_subflow\n\nWhen testing valkey benchmark tool with MPTCP, the kernel panics in\n'mptcp_can_accept_new_subflow' because subflow_req->msk is NULL.\n\nCall trace:\n\n  mptcp_can_accept_new_subflow (./net/mptcp/subflow.c:63 (discriminator 4)) (P)\n  subflow_syn_recv_sock (./net/mptcp/subflow.c:854)\n  tcp_check_req (./net/ipv4/tcp_minisocks.c:863)\n  tcp_v4_rcv (./net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:2268)\n  ip_protocol_deliver_rcu (./net/ipv4/ip_input.c:207)\n  ip_local_deliver_finish (./net/ipv4/ip_input.c:234)\n  ip_local_deliver (./net/ipv4/ip_input.c:254)\n  ip_rcv_finish (./net/ipv4/ip_input.c:449)\n  ...\n\nAccording to the debug log, the same req received two SYN-ACK in a very\nshort time, very likely because the client retransmits the syn ack due\nto multiple reasons.\n\nEven if the packets are transmitted with a relevant time interval, they\ncan be processed by the server on different CPUs concurrently). The\n'subflow_req->msk' ownership is transferred to the subflow the first,\nand there will be a risk of a null pointer dereference here.\n\nThis patch fixes this issue by moving the 'subflow_req->msk' under the\n`own_req == true` conditional.\n\nNote that the !msk check in subflow_hmac_valid() can be dropped, because\nthe same check already exists under the own_req mpj branch where the\ncode has been moved to.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23145"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8cf7fef1bb2ffea7792bcbf71ca00216cecc725d"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b3088bd2a6790c8efff139d86d7a9d0b1305977b"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/855bf0aacd51fced11ea9aa0d5101ee0febaeadb"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7f9ae060ed64aef8f174c5f1ea513825b1be9af1"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc81e41a307df523072186b241fa8244fecd7803"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/efd58a8dd9e7a709a90ee486a4247c923d27296f"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b2649b9717678aeb097893cc49f59311a1ecab0"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/443041deb5ef6a1289a99ed95015ec7442f141dc"
    }
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  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.5,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:N - The bug is triggered entirely by received TCP packets processed in `tcp_v4_rcv \u2192 tcp_check_req \u2192 subflow_syn_recv_sock`; a remote peer sending duplicate MP_JOIN third ACKs to an MPTCP listening socket reaches the vulnerable code with no local access.\nAC:L - The attacker creates both sides of the race by transmitting multiple duplicate third ACKs for the same request_sock, and can force concurrent multi-CPU processing via IP fragmentation or IPv6 flow-label variation that changes RSS steering for an otherwise identical 4-tuple; the attempt is freely repeatable across many connections, and the race was hit accidentally by a normal benchmark.\nPR:N - No authentication or privilege is needed \u2014 the attacker simply opens their own MPTCP connection to the server, which yields the token and both keys required to produce a valid MP_JOIN HMAC, and MPTCP is enabled by default when compiled in.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is driven by attacker-sent packets against a listening socket; no action by any local user or administrator is required.\nS:U - The NULL dereference and its consequences are confined to the kernel of the targeted host, with no crossing into another security authority such as a hypervisor or IOMMU domain.\nC:N - The dereference is of a NULL pointer at a small fixed offset (`sk->sk_state`), which faults immediately; no attacker-controlled address is read and no memory contents are disclosed.\nI:N - The bug is a read of an unmapped low address with no write primitive and no attacker-controlled pointer value, so no kernel memory or data can be modified.\nA:H - The fault occurs in network RX softirq context, so `oops_end()` escalates it to `panic(\"Fatal exception in interrupt\")` \u2014 a guaranteed, remotely and repeatedly triggerable full-system crash."
    }
  }
}