{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-22124",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-22124"
  ],
  "published": "2025-04-16T14:14:59Z",
  "summary": "md/md-bitmap: fix wrong bitmap_limit for clustermd when write sb",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmd/md-bitmap: fix wrong bitmap_limit for clustermd when write sb\n\nIn clustermd, separate write-intent-bitmaps are used for each cluster\nnode:\n\n0                    4k                     8k                    12k\n-------------------------------------------------------------------\n| idle                | md super            | bm super [0] + bits |\n| bm bits[0, contd]   | bm super[1] + bits  | bm bits[1, contd]   |\n| bm super[2] + bits  | bm bits [2, contd]  | bm super[3] + bits  |\n| bm bits [3, contd]  |                     |                     |\n\nSo in node 1, pg_index in __write_sb_page() could equal to\nbitmap->storage.file_pages. Then bitmap_limit will be calculated to\n0. md_super_write() will be called with 0 size.\nThat means the first 4k sb area of node 1 will never be updated\nthrough filemap_write_page().\nThis bug causes hang of mdadm/clustermd_tests/01r1_Grow_resize.\n\nHere use (pg_index % bitmap->storage.file_pages) to make calculation\nof bitmap_limit correct.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-22124"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5eaf57fdfa37c869e61e9908e03edd707f9145b8"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/60196f92bbc7901eb5cfa5d456651b87ea50a4a3"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bc3a9788961631359527763d7e1fcf26554c7cb1"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6130825f34d41718c98a9b1504a79a23e379701e"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-09-14T12:06:03Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is in the md bitmap writeback path of a local block device stack, reached via I/O to a clustered md array on the local system. No remote attacker input reaches `__write_sb_page()` directly.\nAC:L - On a clustered md array the miscalculation is deterministic for every node with cluster_slot >= 1 \u2014 no race, no memory-layout dependency, and it fires on every bitmap superblock/page writeback driven by ordinary I/O.\nPR:L - The buggy path carries no capability check; an unprivileged local user writing to a filesystem backed by the clustered md array dirties bitmap pages and triggers the writeback. Array configuration is a deployment precondition, not a privilege the attacker must hold.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed \u2014 the flawed write occurs automatically during normal bitmap superblock updates and daemon writeback.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds read, on-disk metadata corruption, and hang all stay within the kernel's own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - With the clamp defeated by the unsigned underflow, up to `bdev_io_opt()` bytes (commonly 256KB) are read from a single bitmap page, leaking ~252KB of adjacent kernel memory into the RAID member's on-disk metadata area \u2014 and over the network for nvme-tcp backing devices \u2014 where it is recoverable by anyone able to read the raw device.\nI:H - The oversized write overruns the node's own bitmap slot and overwrites neighbouring cluster nodes' on-disk write-intent bitmaps with arbitrary kernel memory, while the zero-length-write variant leaves the bitmap superblock permanently stale so post-crash resync skips genuinely dirty regions, silently diverging the mirrors.\nA:H - The commit documents a hang of the cluster grow/resize path, the original bug this regresses caused `mdadm` to hang on nvme-tcp via `sendpage_ok()` failure, and the out-of-bounds page walk can touch unmapped memory and oops."
    }
  }
}
