{ "schema_version": "1.6.1", "id": "RPI-CVE-2025-21785", "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z", "upstream": [ "CVE-2025-21785" ], "published": "2025-02-27T02:18:18Z", "summary": "arm64: cacheinfo: Avoid out-of-bounds write to cacheinfo array", "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\narm64: cacheinfo: Avoid out-of-bounds write to cacheinfo array\n\nThe loop that detects/populates cache information already has a bounds\ncheck on the array size but does not account for cache levels with\nseparate data/instructions cache. Fix this by incrementing the index\nfor any populated leaf (instead of any populated level).", "severity": [ { "type": "CVSS_V3", "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H" } ], "affected": [ { "package": { "ecosystem": "Raspberry Pi OS:12", "name": "linux" }, "versions": [ "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1", "1:6.1.47-1+rpt2", "1:6.1.47-1+rpt4", "1:6.1.54-1+rpt2", "1:6.1.58-1+rpt2", "1:6.1.63-1+rpt1", "1:6.1.73-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.20-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.28-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.31-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.47-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.51-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.51-1+rpt2", "1:6.6.51-1+rpt3", "1:6.6.62-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.74-1+rpt1" ], "ecosystem_specific": { "binaries": [ { "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi1-rpi-v8", "binary_version": "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1" }, { "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi2-rpi-v8", "binary_version": "1:6.1.47-1+rpt2" }, { "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi3-rpi-2712", "binary_version": "1:6.1.47-1+rpt4" }, { "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi3-rpi-v6", "binary_version": "1:6.1.47-1+rpt4" }, { 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"6.6.51", "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)", "upstream_fixed": "6.6.79" }, "1:6.6.51-1+rpt3": { "linux_commit": "5aeecea9f4a45248bcf564dec924965e066a7bfd", "upstream_version": "6.6.51", "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)", "upstream_fixed": "6.6.79" }, "1:6.6.62-1+rpt1": { "linux_commit": "dd2394360860d15146c96635796a75b05bb32b61", "upstream_version": "6.6.62", "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)", "upstream_fixed": "6.6.79" }, "1:6.6.74-1+rpt1": { "linux_commit": "a18d9ced4965462cb7b3b4252ada440395105308", "upstream_version": "6.6.74", "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)", "upstream_fixed": "6.6.79" } } } } ], "references": [ { "type": "ADVISORY", "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21785" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4371ac7b494e933fffee2bd6265d18d73c4f05aa" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e4fde33107351ec33f1a64188612fbc6ca659284" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/88a3e6afaf002250220793df99404977d343db14" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ff25f0b18d1d0174c105e4620428bcdc1213860" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab90894f33c15b14c1cee6959ab6c8dcb09127f8" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/715eb1af64779e1b1aa0a7b2ffb81414d9f708e5" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/67b99a2b5811df4294c2ad50f9bff3b6a08bd618" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/875d742cf5327c93cba1f11e12b08d3cce7a88d2" } ], "database_specific": { "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git", "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T12:19:11Z", "severity": { "source": "kernel CNA", "cvss_v3_score": 7.8, "cvss_v3_severity": "High", "scenario": "AV:L - The defect lives in arm64 CPU cacheinfo initialization, reached only through local CPU bring-up (`update_siblings_masks()`) and the CPUHP_AP_BASE_CACHEINFO_ONLINE hotplug callback on the machine itself; there is no network, adjacent-network, or remote-peer data path into `populate_cache_leaves()`.\nAC:L - On an affected platform the overflow is fully deterministic \u2014 whenever firmware (DT `cache-unified`/single `cache-size`, or ACPI PPTT `split_levels`) under-counts leaves relative to a `CLIDR_EL1` level reporting `CACHE_TYPE_SEPARATE`, the level-vs-leaf counter mismatch fires on every execution of the loop. There is no race, no timing window, and no memory-layout condition to win.\nPR:L - The vulnerable loop executes with no `capable()` check, no LSM gate, and no authentication anywhere on the path \u2014 it runs as part of normal CPU bring-up on behalf of the system, so no elevated credentials are required for the out-of-bounds write to occur; scoring at low local privilege rather than high since nothing on the path demands real root.\nUI:N - No victim action of any kind is needed \u2014 the out-of-bounds write happens autonomously during secondary-CPU initialization as part of ordinary system startup.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to the kernel's own slab allocations on the same host; no VM/hypervisor, IOMMU/DMA, or sandbox authority boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The heap out-of-bounds write clobbers `type` and `level` fields at fixed strides across up to several hundred bytes of adjacent slab objects allocated during early boot; corrupting neighbouring structures' length, index, or pointer fields is a classic route to kernel memory disclosure, so per memory-corruption guidance this is High.\nI:H - This is a direct out-of-bounds write past a `kcalloc()`'d `struct cacheinfo` array, silently modifying kernel heap memory belonging to unrelated objects \u2014 out-of-bounds writes are scored High for integrity because slab corruption is the standard primitive for control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Overwriting adjacent early-boot slab objects can corrupt pointers or allocator metadata, producing an oops, panic, or unbootable system; because it occurs during CPU bring-up on affected platforms, the result is complete loss of availability of the machine." } } }