{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2024-57998",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2024-57998"
  ],
  "published": "2025-02-27T02:06:37Z",
  "summary": "OPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq()",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nOPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq()\n\nPass the freq index to the assert function to make sure\nwe do not read a freq out of the opp->rates[] table when called\nfrom the indexed variants:\ndev_pm_opp_find_freq_exact_indexed() or\ndev_pm_opp_find_freq_ceil/floor_indexed().\n\nAdd a secondary parameter to the assert function, unused\nfor assert_single_clk() then add assert_clk_index() which\nwill check for the clock index when called from the _indexed()\nfind functions.",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57998"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/774dd6f0f0a61c9c3848e025d7d9eeed1a7ca4cd"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb6ffa0192ba83ece1a318b956265519c5c7dcec"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d68c20638e50d5eb4576492a7958328ae445248"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da2a6acc73933b7812c94794726e438cde39e037"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d659bc68ed489022ea33342cfbda2911a81e7a0d"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T11:52:36Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.3,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The OPP core is a kernel-internal DVFS framework reached only from the local system \u2014 driver probe, devfreq governor transitions driven by local workload, and the devfreq/UFS sysfs frequency attributes. No network, adjacent-network, or removable-device input reaches `_read_freq()`.\nAC:L - On an affected platform the missing bound check is on a straight-line path with no race, no timing window, and no memory-layout precondition \u2014 every OPP lookup through the `_indexed()` variants deterministically reads `opp->rates[index]` past the array. Repeating the read is as simple as generating I/O or GPU load to force a DVFS transition.\nPR:L - An ordinary unprivileged process can drive devfreq/UFS clock-scaling transitions simply by generating storage or GPU load, which sends the governor through `devfreq_recommended_opp()` and `ufshcd_opp_set_rate()` into the unchecked lookup \u2014 no capability, user namespace, or sysfs write privilege is needed to reach the code.\nUI:N - The overread happens autonomously in probe context and in governor-driven DVFS work, with no victim required to open a device node, mount a filesystem, or take any other action.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access stays within the kernel's own slab allocations and the affected device's power-management state, under the same security authority. No hypervisor, IOMMU, container, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The out-of-bounds word read from beyond `opp->rates[]` is not merely compared \u2014 `_opp_table_find_key()` assigns it back through `*key`, so adjacent kernel heap contents (potentially slab metadata or pointers) escape into a caller-visible frequency value that is reported through devfreq/UFS frequency interfaces and tracepoints, and the read is freely repeatable as a heap-content oracle.\nI:L - The garbage key corrupts the ceil/floor/exact comparison, causing selection of the wrong operating point, so an out-of-spec clock rate and voltage are programmed into hardware and bogus `min_freq`/`max_freq` values are stored in the UFS clock descriptors. This is unintended but bounded modification of system state, not an attacker-directed arbitrary write.\nA:H - The slab out-of-bounds read is fatal on the KASAN/`panic_on_warn` configurations common in Android, automotive, and hardened embedded builds, and even on production builds a garbage frequency makes `ufshcd_parse_clock_min_max_freq()` fail probe or leaves the UFS controller and GPU clocked at an invalid rate, producing I/O timeouts, hangs, or a device left without working storage."
    }
  }
}