{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2024-49952",
  "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2024-49952"
  ],
  "published": "2024-10-21T18:02:47Z",
  "summary": "netfilter: nf_tables: prevent nf_skb_duplicated corruption",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_tables: prevent nf_skb_duplicated corruption\n\nsyzbot found that nf_dup_ipv4() or nf_dup_ipv6() could write\nper-cpu variable nf_skb_duplicated in an unsafe way [1].\n\nDisabling preemption as hinted by the splat is not enough,\nwe have to disable soft interrupts as well.\n\n[1]\nBUG: using __this_cpu_write() in preemptible [00000000] code: syz.4.282/6316\n caller is nf_dup_ipv4+0x651/0x8f0 net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_dup_ipv4.c:87\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6316 Comm: syz.4.282 Not tainted 6.11.0-rc7-syzkaller-00104-g7052622fccb1 #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/06/2024\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:93 [inline]\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:119\n  check_preemption_disabled+0x10e/0x120 lib/smp_processor_id.c:49\n  nf_dup_ipv4+0x651/0x8f0 net/ipv4/netfilter/nf_dup_ipv4.c:87\n  nft_dup_ipv4_eval+0x1db/0x300 net/ipv4/netfilter/nft_dup_ipv4.c:30\n  expr_call_ops_eval net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c:240 [inline]\n  nft_do_chain+0x4ad/0x1da0 net/netfilter/nf_tables_core.c:288\n  nft_do_chain_ipv4+0x202/0x320 net/netfilter/nft_chain_filter.c:23\n  nf_hook_entry_hookfn include/linux/netfilter.h:154 [inline]\n  nf_hook_slow+0xc3/0x220 net/netfilter/core.c:626\n  nf_hook+0x2c4/0x450 include/linux/netfilter.h:269\n  NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:302 [inline]\n  ip_output+0x185/0x230 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:433\n  ip_local_out net/ipv4/ip_output.c:129 [inline]\n  ip_send_skb+0x74/0x100 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:1495\n  udp_send_skb+0xacf/0x1650 net/ipv4/udp.c:981\n  udp_sendmsg+0x1c21/0x2a60 net/ipv4/udp.c:1269\n  sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:730 [inline]\n  __sock_sendmsg+0x1a6/0x270 net/socket.c:745\n  ____sys_sendmsg+0x525/0x7d0 net/socket.c:2597\n  ___sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2651 [inline]\n  __sys_sendmmsg+0x3b2/0x740 net/socket.c:2737\n  __do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2766 [inline]\n  __se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2763 [inline]\n  __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0xa0/0xb0 net/socket.c:2763\n  do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]\n  do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7f4ce4f7def9\nCode: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48\nRSP: 002b:00007f4ce5d4a038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000133\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f4ce5135f80 RCX: 00007f4ce4f7def9\nRDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000020005d40 RDI: 0000000000000006\nRBP: 00007f4ce4ff0b76 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007f4ce5135f80 R15: 00007ffd4cbc6d68\n </TASK>",
  "severity": [
    {
      "type": "CVSS_V3",
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
    }
  ],
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  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-49952"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/50067d8b3f48e4cd4c9e817d3e9a5b5ff3507ca7"
    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c0add6ed2cf1c4733cd489efc61faeccd3433b41"
    },
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/531754952f5dfc4b141523088147071d6e6112c4"
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b40b027a0c0cc1cb9471a13f9730bb2fff12a15b"
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    },
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    },
    {
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92ceba94de6fb4cee2bf40b485979c342f44a492"
    }
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  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T11:52:36Z",
    "severity": {
      "source": "kernel CNA",
      "cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
      "cvss_v3_severity": "High",
      "scenario": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached by configuring an nftables `dup` rule over netfilter netlink and then sending packets from a local socket (`sendmmsg` \u2192 `ip_output` \u2192 `nft_do_chain` \u2192 `nf_dup_ipv4`); no remote peer can reach the preemptible-context variant of this path.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 process-context `nf_dup` calls via a thread pool flooding `sendmmsg` with `sched_setaffinity` churn to force migration between the two `__this_cpu_write()` calls, plus concurrent softirq-context `nf_dup` calls from received/looped packets \u2014 and can retry indefinitely with no condition outside their influence.\nPR:L - Reaching the code needs CAP_NET_ADMIN over a network namespace, which any unprivileged user obtains with `unshare -Urn` since nfnetlink gates on `netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN)` and `ip_tables` on `ns_capable(sock_net(sk)->user_ns, ...)`; `__request_module()` autoloads `nft_dup_ipv4` with no capability check.\nUI:N - The attacker installs the nftables rule and generates the traffic entirely on their own; no victim action or interaction is involved.\nS:U - The corrupted state and its consequences are confined to the kernel's own security authority; this is a standard in-kernel bug with no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary crossing.\nC:H - Defeating the recursion guard permits nested re-entry into `ip_local_out`/`nft_do_chain`, and sufficiently deep recursion overflows the 16 KB kernel stack \u2014 on configurations without `CONFIG_VMAP_STACK` (common on embedded/32-bit deployments) this reads and writes adjacent kernel memory, which is leverageable for kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - The unsynchronized per-CPU write corrupts global, cross-namespace kernel state: an unprivileged container can permanently pin a CPU's guard to `true`, silently disabling `dup`/`TEE` packet mirroring for the host's own IDS/monitoring rules, and the reverse corruption defeats the recursion invariant leading to stack overflow into adjacent kernel memory.\nA:H - A defeated recursion guard allows the duplicated skb to be duplicated again on each nesting level, driving unbounded packet amplification and kernel stack exhaustion that ends in a guard-page oops/panic; on `CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT` kernels the same path emits the `BUG:` splat, which panics under `panic_on_warn`."
    }
  }
}