{ "schema_version": "1.6.1", "id": "RPI-CVE-2024-37078", "modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z", "upstream": [ "CVE-2024-37078" ], "published": "2024-06-25T14:22:58Z", "summary": "nilfs2: fix potential kernel bug due to lack of writeback flag waiting", "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnilfs2: fix potential kernel bug due to lack of writeback flag waiting\n\nDestructive writes to a block device on which nilfs2 is mounted can cause\na kernel bug in the folio/page writeback start routine or writeback end\nroutine (__folio_start_writeback in the log below):\n\n kernel BUG at mm/page-writeback.c:3070!\n Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN PTI\n ...\n RIP: 0010:__folio_start_writeback+0xbaa/0x10e0\n Code: 25 ff 0f 00 00 0f 84 18 01 00 00 e8 40 ca c6 ff e9 17 f6 ff ff\n e8 36 ca c6 ff 4c 89 f7 48 c7 c6 80 c0 12 84 e8 e7 b3 0f 00 90 <0f>\n 0b e8 1f ca c6 ff 4c 89 f7 48 c7 c6 a0 c6 12 84 e8 d0 b3 0f 00\n ...\n Call Trace:\n \n nilfs_segctor_do_construct+0x4654/0x69d0 [nilfs2]\n nilfs_segctor_construct+0x181/0x6b0 [nilfs2]\n nilfs_segctor_thread+0x548/0x11c0 [nilfs2]\n kthread+0x2f0/0x390\n ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n \n\nThis is because when the log writer starts a writeback for segment summary\nblocks or a super root block that use the backing device's page cache, it\ndoes not wait for the ongoing folio/page writeback, resulting in an\ninconsistent writeback state.\n\nFix this issue by waiting for ongoing writebacks when putting\nfolios/pages on the backing device into writeback state.", "severity": [ { "type": "CVSS_V3", "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H" } ], "affected": [ { "package": { "ecosystem": "Raspberry Pi OS:12", "name": "linux" }, "versions": [ "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1", "1:6.1.47-1+rpt2", "1:6.1.47-1+rpt4", "1:6.1.54-1+rpt2", "1:6.1.58-1+rpt2", "1:6.1.63-1+rpt1", "1:6.1.73-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.20-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.28-1+rpt1", "1:6.6.31-1+rpt1" ], 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"6.6.28", "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)", "upstream_fixed": "6.6.35" }, "1:6.6.31-1+rpt1": { "linux_commit": "c1432b4bae5b6582f4d32ba381459f33c34d1424", "upstream_version": "6.6.31", "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)", "upstream_fixed": "6.6.35" } } } } ], "references": [ { "type": "ADVISORY", "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-37078" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/95f6f81e50d858a7c9aa7c795ec14a0ac3819118" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a75b8f493dfc48aa38c518430bd9e03b53bffebe" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ecfe3a92869a59668d27228dabbd7965e83567f" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33900d7eae616647e179eee1c66ebe654ee39627" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/271dcd977ccda8c7a26e360425ae7b4db7d2ecc0" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/614d397be0cf43412b3f94a0f6460eddced8ce92" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f3bff69f1214fe03a02bc650d5bbfaa6e65ae7d" }, { "type": "FIX", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a4ca369ca221bb7e06c725792ac107f0e48e82e7" } ], "database_specific": { "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git", "upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T11:52:36Z", "severity": { "source": "kernel CNA", "cvss_v3_score": 7.8, "cvss_v3_severity": "High", "scenario": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local access to the system to write to the block device node backing a mounted nilfs2 filesystem and to generate filesystem activity that drives log construction. There is no remote or adjacent-network path into fs/nilfs2/segment.c.\nAC:L - Although the flaw is a race between the block-device writeback path and the nilfs2 log writer, the attacker controls both sides \u2014 issuing the buffered device writes plus sync/fsync, and driving segment construction via filesystem I/O \u2014 and can retry in a tight loop until it lands. The fix author reproduced it deterministically with ordinary destructive device writes.\nPR:L - Only an unprivileged local account with write access to the device node is needed (disk-group service accounts, logind/udisks-ACL'd removable media on desktops and kiosks, or a container granted the device); no CAP_SYS_ADMIN is required for the triggering writes themselves.\nUI:N - Once a nilfs2 filesystem is mounted \u2014 a routine system state, not an attacker-supplied crafted image \u2014 the attacker acts entirely alone. No victim action is needed at any point in the attack.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel page-cache state and the kernel's own memory; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed. Impact and vulnerable component share the same security authority.\nC:H - Premature clearing of PG_writeback removes the only protection keeping the folio alive under in-flight I/O (bio_add_folio takes no page reference), so the page can be truncated/reclaimed and reused while nilfs2's write bio still DMAs from it \u2014 leaking arbitrary reused kernel page contents onto the block device, which the attacker can read back.\nI:H - The same broken invariant makes nilfs2's completion handler call folio_end_writeback() on freed folio memory, a use-after-free write into a reclaimed and potentially heap-sprayed object, which is the classic primitive for control-flow hijacking. Filesystem metadata is additionally written from a page concurrently mutated by another writer.\nA:H - The documented outcome is a kernel BUG()/oops in the segctor kthread (mm/page-writeback.c), and on non-DEBUG_VM kernels the XOR in __folio_end_writeback re-sets PG_writeback on an idle folio, producing permanently hung unkillable tasks in folio_wait_writeback() plus writeback-accounting skew that stalls system-wide dirty throttling." } } }