{
"schema_version": "1.6.1",
"id": "RPI-CVE-2024-36286",
"modified": "2026-10-09T11:39:44Z",
"upstream": [
"CVE-2024-36286"
],
"published": "2024-06-21T10:24:08Z",
"summary": "netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: acquire rcu_read_lock() in instance_destroy_rcu()",
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nfnetlink_queue: acquire rcu_read_lock() in instance_destroy_rcu()\n\nsyzbot reported that nf_reinject() could be called without rcu_read_lock() :\n\nWARNING: suspicious RCU usage\n6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0 Not tainted\n\nnet/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:263 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage!\n\nother info that might help us debug this:\n\nrcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1\n2 locks held by syz-executor.4/13427:\n #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_lock_acquire include/linux/rcupdate.h:329 [inline]\n #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2190 [inline]\n #0: ffffffff8e334f60 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_core+0xa86/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471\n #1: ffff88801ca92958 (&inst->lock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:356 [inline]\n #1: ffff88801ca92958 (&inst->lock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:405 [inline]\n #1: ffff88801ca92958 (&inst->lock){+.-.}-{2:2}, at: instance_destroy_rcu+0x30/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172\n\nstack backtrace:\nCPU: 0 PID: 13427 Comm: syz-executor.4 Not tainted 6.9.0-rc7-syzkaller-02060-g5c1672705a1a #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 04/02/2024\nCall Trace:\n \n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:114\n lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x221/0x340 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:6712\n nf_reinject net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:323 [inline]\n nfqnl_reinject+0x6ec/0x1120 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:397\n nfqnl_flush net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:410 [inline]\n instance_destroy_rcu+0x1ae/0x220 net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c:172\n rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2196 [inline]\n rcu_core+0xafd/0x1830 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2471\n handle_softirqs+0x2d6/0x990 kernel/softirq.c:554\n __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:588 [inline]\n invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:428 [inline]\n __irq_exit_rcu+0xf4/0x1c0 kernel/softirq.c:637\n irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:649\n instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043 [inline]\n sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1043\n \n ",
"severity": [
{
"type": "CVSS_V3",
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
}
],
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{
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],
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-36286"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8658bd777cbfcb0c13df23d0ea120e70517761b9"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3989b817857f4890fab9379221a9d3f52bf5c256"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e01065b339e323b3dfa1be217fd89e9b3208b0ab"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
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},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68f40354a3851df46c27be96b84f11ae193e36c5"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8f365564af898819a523f1a8cf5c6ce053e9f718"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/215df6490e208bfdd5b3012f5075e7f8736f3e7a"
},
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc21c6cc3d6986d938efbf95de62473982c98dec"
}
],
"database_specific": {
"source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
"upstream_modified": "2026-08-05T11:52:36Z",
"severity": {
"source": "kernel CNA",
"cvss_v3_score": 7.8,
"cvss_v3_severity": "High",
"scenario": "AV:L - The trigger is a local `NETLINK_NETFILTER` socket operation \u2014 an `NFQNL_CFG_CMD_UNBIND` message or simply closing the nfnetlink socket (`NETLINK_URELEASE` notifier) \u2014 which schedules the `instance_destroy_rcu()` callback. Although the queued entries originate from network packets, the vulnerable code path is entered only through a local netlink syscall.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls both preconditions: they populate `queue_list` by binding an NFQUEUE and never issuing verdicts on their own self-generated traffic, then trigger the flush by closing the socket or sending UNBIND. No race must be won and no uncontrollable state is required \u2014 the RCU callback always executes `nfqnl_flush()` on a non-empty queue.\nPR:L - `nfnetlink_rcv()` gates on `netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, which resolves to `ns_capable()` against the netns's user_ns, so an unprivileged user obtains it via `unshare -Urn`; nftables/iptables NFQUEUE targets and loopback traffic are fully functional inside that namespace. No real root in the initial namespace is needed.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step themselves \u2014 creating the namespace, binding the queue, generating the packets, and destroying the instance. No victim action or cooperation is involved.\nS:U - The unprotected dereference and its consequences are confined to the kernel's own security authority; there is no crossing of a VM, hypervisor, or IOMMU boundary. This is a standard in-kernel memory-safety issue.\nC:H - `nf_reinject()` performs `rcu_dereference()` on `net->nf.hooks_*[hooknum]` with no RCU read-side protection, and `nf_hook_entries` objects are reclaimed via `call_rcu(&head->head, __nf_hook_entries_free)` \u2014 so the read can land on freed memory that an attacker can groom via heap spraying, disclosing kernel data and pointers through the subsequently read `num_hook_entries` and `hooks[]` array.\nI:H - A use-after-free of `struct nf_hook_entries` exposes an array of hook function pointers that `nf_reinject()` indexes as `&hooks->hooks[i]` and invokes via `nf_hook_entry_hookfn()`/`nf_iterate()` on the REPEAT/ACCEPT paths, giving a realloc-and-control primitive suitable for control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\nA:H - The reproducible syzbot outcome is a `WARNING: suspicious RCU usage` lockdep splat from softirq context, which panics outright on the many production and hardened deployments booted with `panic_on_warn=1`; a real hook-table use-after-free additionally causes oops or panic. Either way the result is a full kernel-level denial of service."
}
}
}