{
  "schema_version": "1.6.1",
  "id": "RPI-CVE-2023-54288",
  "modified": "2026-10-07T17:22:01Z",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2023-54288"
  ],
  "published": "2025-12-30T12:24:11Z",
  "summary": "wifi: mac80211: fortify the spinlock against deadlock by interrupt",
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nwifi: mac80211: fortify the spinlock against deadlock by interrupt\n\nIn the function ieee80211_tx_dequeue() there is a particular locking\nsequence:\n\nbegin:\n\tspin_lock(&local->queue_stop_reason_lock);\n\tq_stopped = local->queue_stop_reasons[q];\n\tspin_unlock(&local->queue_stop_reason_lock);\n\nHowever small the chance (increased by ftracetest), an asynchronous\ninterrupt can occur in between of spin_lock() and spin_unlock(),\nand the interrupt routine will attempt to lock the same\n&local->queue_stop_reason_lock again.\n\nThis will cause a costly reset of the CPU and the wifi device or an\naltogether hang in the single CPU and single core scenario.\n\nThe only remaining spin_lock(&local->queue_stop_reason_lock) that\ndid not disable interrupts was patched, which should prevent any\ndeadlocks on the same CPU/core and the same wifi device.\n\nThis is the probable trace of the deadlock:\n\nkernel: ================================\nkernel: WARNING: inconsistent lock state\nkernel: 6.3.0-rc6-mt-20230401-00001-gf86822a1170f #4 Tainted: G        W\nkernel: --------------------------------\nkernel: inconsistent {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} -> {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} usage.\nkernel: kworker/5:0/25656 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE1:SE1] takes:\nkernel: ffff9d6190779478 (&local->queue_stop_reason_lock){+.?.}-{2:2}, at: return_to_handler+0x0/0x40\nkernel: {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} state was registered at:\nkernel:   lock_acquire+0xc7/0x2d0\nkernel:   _raw_spin_lock+0x36/0x50\nkernel:   ieee80211_tx_dequeue+0xb4/0x1330 [mac80211]\nkernel:   iwl_mvm_mac_itxq_xmit+0xae/0x210 [iwlmvm]\nkernel:   iwl_mvm_mac_wake_tx_queue+0x2d/0xd0 [iwlmvm]\nkernel:   ieee80211_queue_skb+0x450/0x730 [mac80211]\nkernel:   __ieee80211_xmit_fast.constprop.66+0x834/0xa50 [mac80211]\nkernel:   __ieee80211_subif_start_xmit+0x217/0x530 [mac80211]\nkernel:   ieee80211_subif_start_xmit+0x60/0x580 [mac80211]\nkernel:   dev_hard_start_xmit+0xb5/0x260\nkernel:   __dev_queue_xmit+0xdbe/0x1200\nkernel:   neigh_resolve_output+0x166/0x260\nkernel:   ip_finish_output2+0x216/0xb80\nkernel:   __ip_finish_output+0x2a4/0x4d0\nkernel:   ip_finish_output+0x2d/0xd0\nkernel:   ip_output+0x82/0x2b0\nkernel:   ip_local_out+0xec/0x110\nkernel:   igmpv3_sendpack+0x5c/0x90\nkernel:   igmp_ifc_timer_expire+0x26e/0x4e0\nkernel:   call_timer_fn+0xa5/0x230\nkernel:   run_timer_softirq+0x27f/0x550\nkernel:   __do_softirq+0xb4/0x3a4\nkernel:   irq_exit_rcu+0x9b/0xc0\nkernel:   sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x80/0xa0\nkernel:   asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1f/0x30\nkernel:   _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x3f/0x70\nkernel:   free_to_partial_list+0x3d6/0x590\nkernel:   __slab_free+0x1b7/0x310\nkernel:   kmem_cache_free+0x52d/0x550\nkernel:   putname+0x5d/0x70\nkernel:   do_sys_openat2+0x1d7/0x310\nkernel:   do_sys_open+0x51/0x80\nkernel:   __x64_sys_openat+0x24/0x30\nkernel:   do_syscall_64+0x5c/0x90\nkernel:   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc\nkernel: irq event stamp: 5120729\nkernel: hardirqs last  enabled at (5120729): [<ffffffff9d149936>] trace_graph_return+0xd6/0x120\nkernel: hardirqs last disabled at (5120728): [<ffffffff9d149950>] trace_graph_return+0xf0/0x120\nkernel: softirqs last  enabled at (5069900): [<ffffffff9cf65b60>] return_to_handler+0x0/0x40\nkernel: softirqs last disabled at (5067555): [<ffffffff9cf65b60>] return_to_handler+0x0/0x40\nkernel:\n        other info that might help us debug this:\nkernel:  Possible unsafe locking scenario:\nkernel:        CPU0\nkernel:        ----\nkernel:   lock(&local->queue_stop_reason_lock);\nkernel:   <Interrupt>\nkernel:     lock(&local->queue_stop_reason_lock);\nkernel:\n         *** DEADLOCK ***\nkernel: 8 locks held by kworker/5:0/25656:\nkernel:  #0: ffff9d618009d138 ((wq_completion)events_freezable){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1ca/0x530\nkernel:  #1: ffffb1ef4637fe68 ((work_completion)(&local->restart_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x1ce/0x530\nkernel:  #2: ffffffff9f166548 (rtnl_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: return_to_handler+0x0/0x40\nkernel:  #3: ffff9d619\n---truncated---",
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Raspberry Pi OS:12",
        "name": "linux"
      },
      "versions": [
        "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1"
      ],
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi1-rpi-v6",
            "binary_version": "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi1-rpi-v7",
            "binary_version": "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi1-rpi-v7l",
            "binary_version": "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1"
          },
          {
            "binary_name": "linux-image-6.1.0-rpi1-rpi-v8",
            "binary_version": "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "database_specific": {
        "per_version": {
          "1:6.1.21-1+rpt1": {
            "linux_commit": "0afb5e98488aed7017b9bf321b575d0177feb7ed",
            "upstream_version": "6.1.21",
            "assessment": "commit ancestry (strak rule)",
            "upstream_fixed": "6.1.30"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-54288"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c79d794a2cd76eca47b2491c5030be9a6418c5d6"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6df3eafa31b3ee4f0cba601ca857019964355034"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef6e1997da63ad0ac3fe33153fec9524c9ae56c9"
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "source": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/security/vulns.git",
    "upstream_modified": "2026-05-24T06:48:58Z"
  }
}